If you're new to HTML5 then the below list of new input types and their descriptions will help you on your way to a better understanding.

Input

Description

Color

Allows you to enter a colour using a hex code.

Date

Allows you to enter a date.

DateTime

Allows you to enter a Date and Time.

Email

Allows you to enter an email.

Number

Allows you to enter a number.

Search

Allows you to enter a string for a search.

Tel

Allows you to enter a telephone number.

Time

Allows you to enter a time.

Url

Allows you to enter an absolute URL.